{
  "url": "https://blockindex.ai/coin/atom",
  "name": "Cosmos",
  "links": {
    "github": "https://github.com/cosmos",
    "website": "https://cosmos.network/",
    "whitepaper": null
  },
  "dScore": 48,
  "market": {
    "priceUsd": 1.811362572645401,
    "marketCapUsd": 932177648.0514313,
    "volume24hUsd": 38819322.81103782,
    "priceChange7dPct": -9.20559366,
    "priceChange24hPct": -2.71988836
  },
  "source": "BlockIndex.AI",
  "supply": {
    "max": null,
    "circulating": 514627861.991227,
    "circulatingPct": null
  },
  "ticker": "ATOM",
  "founder": "Jae Kwon; Co-founders: Ethan Buchman, Zarko Milosevic",
  "vcFunded": false,
  "updatedAt": "2026-06-19T06:00:34.577551+00:00",
  "fairLaunch": false,
  "launchYear": 2019,
  "description": "Cosmos (ATOM) is an ecosystem and technology stack designed to enable the creation of interoperable, sovereign blockchains. Originating from Tendermint research in 2014 and formalized through whitepapers and token sales in 2016–2017, Cosmos centers around the Cosmos Hub, the Cosmos SDK, and Tendermint Core. Its core mission is to address fragmentation, limited scalability, and poor cross-chain composability by providing a modular application framework (the SDK) and a robust, BFT-based consensus engine (Tendermint). IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) is the protocol-level innovation that enables secure token and message transfer across heterogeneous chains, allowing sovereign chains to retain independence while interoperating securely. The Interchain Foundation (ICF) stewards public-good funding and the ecosystem is supported by a mix of community governance and commercial engineering organizations (Cosmos Labs / Ignite / Tendermint), which together drive ongoing development.\n\nTechnically, Cosmos separates application logic from consensus and networking: application developers build modules with the Cosmos SDK (Go-based), while Tendermint Core provides BFT consensus with fast finality. The architecture emphasizes modularity — x/* modules (staking, distribution, bank, IBC, etc.) — enabling chains to compose only the pieces they require. Key upgrades and features in the ecosystem include the launch of IBC (April 2021) which standardized cross-chain messaging, Interchain Accounts (Feb 17, 2022) which allowed a chain to control accounts on other chains, Interchain Security / Replicated Security constructs, and IBC v2 alongside the Eureka cross-chain routing improvements (2025). The SDK and Tendermint releases in 2024–2025 (multiple patch releases noted in Dec 2025) reflect active maintenance and coordinated upgrade processes across the Interchain.\n\nCosmos’s primary use cases are enabling sovereign application-specific blockchains, facilitating trust-minimized cross-chain transfers and applications, and serving as a developer-oriented stack for both public and institutionally-oriented chains. The ecosystem hosts 200+ chains built using the Cosmos SDK, with broad tooling (Keplr, Cosmostation, Mintscan, SubQuery, Osmosis and others) that support developer and user experiences such as staking, governance participation, and cross-chain DeFi. Institutional narratives and initiatives such as Sovereign Day 2025, SDK stability work, and research into ATOM tokenomics illustrate a dual focus: improving technical safety and expanding economic models to better align incentives for security and sustainable public-good funding.\n\nTokenomics for ATOM reflect an inflationary, PoS-secured model: ATOM is used for staking, governance, and securing consumer chains via shared/replicated security designs. The historical distribution includes private and public token sales in early 2017 (raising roughly $16M across private and public rounds) and allocations to entities such as All In Bits and the Interchain Foundation. Exact premine and PIP percentages were not specified in the provided materials; ongoing research into tokenomics redesign was initiated in late 2025. Market-data snapshots in the provided files show circulating supply in the range of ~483.47M ATOM, market capitalization in the mid-hundreds of millions (~$950M at snapshots provided), and price volatility notable from an ATH in September 2021 to much lower historical lows during early 2020.\n\nGovernance in Cosmos is on-chain: ATOM holders participate in proposal submission and token-weighted voting, with the Interchain Foundation (a Swiss non-profit) managing public-good funding and commercial entities performing engineering work. The governance model has been used to coordinate major protocol upgrades (IBC, Interchain Accounts, SDK releases) but also presents operational challenges for complex cross-chain upgrades and security fixes (for example coordinated patches following 2025 IBC vulnerability disclosures). The network’s ongoing priorities include improving upgrade safety, expanding secure interchain composability (IBC v2 / Eureka), and refining tokenomics and funding mechanisms to sustain long-term public-good engineering.",
  "methodology": "https://blockindex.ai/dscore",
  "classification": {
    "layer": "Layer 1",
    "isToken": false,
    "consensus": "PoS",
    "parentChain": null
  },
  "dScoreComponents": {
    "autonomy": 5,
    "ageHistory": 8,
    "governance": 25,
    "nodeDistribution": 10,
    "initialDistribution": 0
  },
  "decentralizationVerdict": "Moderately Decentralized"
}